Warm the skillet: Place a large skillet over medium heat.
Add olive oil if using lean beef. When hot, add the ground beef, breaking it up with a spatula.
Brown the beef: Cook 4–6 minutes until mostly browned. If there’s excess grease, drain it off, leaving a thin coating in the pan.
Soften the veggies: Add onion and bell pepper.
Cook 3–4 minutes, stirring often, until tender. Add the garlic and cook 30 seconds until fragrant.
Season the base: Sprinkle in chili powder, cumin, paprika, oregano, salt, and pepper. Stir to coat the meat and veggies evenly.
Add sauce and simmer: Pour in tomato sauce and broth.
Stir, bring to a gentle simmer, and cook 5–7 minutes until slightly thickened. The mixture should be saucy, not soupy.
Fold in beans and corn: Stir in black beans and corn. Simmer 2–3 minutes to warm through.
Taste and adjust salt if needed.
Melt the cheese: Reduce heat to low. Sprinkle cheese evenly over the top. Cover and let it melt for 1–2 minutes.
Finish and serve: Squeeze in lime juice and scatter cilantro if using.
Serve with warm tortillas, over rice, or spooned into lettuce cups.